ABSTRACT
Introduction For as long as architects have drawn, they have relied on the principle of . is, the primary form of architectural representation, places the observer perpendicular to the entire surface of an imaginary picture plane. Orthographic projection underlies the triad of drawing types used most frequently in the process of designing architecture: , and . Because of their close, symbiotic relationship with architectural drawings, most common forms of architectural diagrams, including those used in the previous chapter, also rely upon orthographic projection.
