ABSTRACT
This chapter analyses the work of official agencies active in urban poverty reduction from local urban governments and civil society organisations through regional/provincial/state governments to national governments and international agencies. In so doing it builds on the analysis of the eight conceptual approaches in Chapter 2. The discussion here recognises that in practice urban programming draws from across a number of approaches as agencies have sought effective interventions. Different sections highlight the evolution and activities of agencies working at the national and local government level as well as those of international agencies.
