ABSTRACT
Since the early 1980s the actual rates of factory closure have declined in the UK although the general retrenchment of the industrial sector has continued (Healey and Ilbery 1990: 321). Some reindustrialisation of the inner-city has been attempted through the development of science, business and industrial parks and policies such as Enterprise Zones and Urban Development Corporations (see Chapter 5). However, the successes of these have been limited when compared to the problems created by deindustrialisation and they have brought with them their own problems.
