ABSTRACT
So, as well as studying some general characteristics of airflow in sound production, we have now established the first manner label for consonants, nasal.
A small number of world languages use air other than lung air to make consonant sounds, and at least a few of these sounds are familiar to us as speakers of English because, although we don't use them as a regular part of our everyday speech, we use them as PARALINGUISTIC SOUNDS to convey special socially recognized meanings. Examples of these include the sound of disapproval which novelists always seem to spell out as tut! tut!, the sound we make when we want to encourage a horse to get moving, the 'gee-up sound' which involves a sort of sucking in of air at the side of the mouth, the sound we make when we want to imitate the noise made by horses' hooves (sort of 'clip-clop sound') and the sound we make when we kiss with our lips. If you cannot think what these might sound like for yourself, talk to a few friends and see what they can come up with.
