rati

Faerie Queene Fig 1: Title page of the 1596 edition (Courtesy of the Folger Shakespeare Library)

Faerie Queene Fig 2: Dedication of the 1596 edition (Courtesy of T.Hoffman and Scolar Press)

Faerie Queene, children’s versions, Fig 1: In the Cave of Despair by H.J.Ford, in Andrew Lang 1905 The Red Romance Book (London) p 121 (Figs 1-3 courtesy of the Osborne Collection of Early Children’s Books, Toronto Public Library)

Faerie Queene, children’s versions, Fig 2: Arthur Fights the SevenHeaded Serpent by H.J.Ford, in Lang 1905:113

Faerie Queene, children’s versions, Fig 3: Una and the Lion by H.J.Ford, in Lang 1905:113

gardens Fig 1: Jan Soens Rinaldo and Armida in the Enchanted Garden (Courtesy of the Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore)

George, St, Fig 1: St George and the Dragon in Spenser ed 1596, 1:184 (Courtesy of T.Hoffman and Scolar Press)

giants Fig 1: Typhon in Cartari ed 1580:440 (Fisher) Grill Fig 1: Grillus in Costalius 1560:224 (Fisher) Isis Church Fig 1: Isis in Cartari ed 1580:120 (Fisher)

handwriting Fig 1: Conclusion of letter from Thomas Meagh, 17 May 1582 (A7, B40), in Spenser’s secretary hand with his italic signature of attestation (Figs 1-3 courtesy of the Public Record Office, London)

handwriting Fig 2: Opening of Spenser’s answer to Articles, May 1589 (A9, B55), in his secretary hand with italic signature

handwriting Fig 3: Marginalia from John Nugent’s confession, 5 February 1582 (B22), in Spenser’s mixed italic hand

Kilcolman Castle Fig 1: Location maps 1985. Site plans and crosssection through the castle measured and drawn by the author. Based on the 1937 1:10,000 Ordnance Survey (By permission of the Government of Ireland, Permit No 4906)

Kilcolman Castle Fig 2: Floor plans 1985. Measured and drawn by the author

Kilcolman Castle Fig 3: William Sadler c 1820, oil painting (Private collection; courtesy of Damian McGarry, 196 Rathfarnham Road, Dublin 14)

Kilcolman Castle Fig 4: Engraving after T.Crofton Croker in Mr and Mrs S.C.Hall 1841-3 Ireland: Its Scenery, Characters, etc 3 vols (London) 1:93

Kilcolman Castle Fig 7

Kilcolman Castle Fig 5: Engraving after W.H.Bartlett, in W.H.Bartlett 1842 The Scenery and Antiquities of Ireland 2 vols (London) opposite p 80

Kilcolman Castle Fig 6: John Windele 1850, ink sketch in Royal Irish Academy Mss No 12 I 10: p 181 (By permission of the Royal Irish Academy)

Kilcolman Castle Fig 7: Richard Lovett 1888 Irish Pictures Drawn with Pen and Pencil (London) p 99

Kilcolman Castle Fig 8: Kilcolman Castle from the north 1985. Photograph by the author

Kilcolman Castle Fig 9: South wall 1985, cusped lancet window of early 15th-century type with window seats. Photograph by the author

Kilcolman Castle Fig 10: The Castle of the Glin, in County Limerick in Thomas Stafford 1633 Pacata Hibernia, Ireland Appeased and Reduced (London) map 5, between pp 62-3 (Courtesy of Special Collections, Cleveland Public Library)

Kilcolman Castle Fig 11: Simplified section through Blarney Castle, County Cork, by the author, after H.G.Leask 1941 Irish Castles and Castellated Houses (Dundalk) Figs 78, 115, with corrections

Leicester, Robert, Fig 1: Leicester’s device from title page of Thomas Cooper 1578 Thesaurus linguae romanae et britannicae (London) (Fisher)

London Fig 1: Augusta Londinum in William Camden 1610 Britannia tr P.Holland (London) pp 418-19 (Figs 1-3 Courtesy of The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale Univ)

London Fig 2: Westminster and London in Michael Drayton 1613 Poly-Olbion (London) between pp 256-7

London Fig 3: Georg Braun 1572 Londinum feracissimi angliae regni metropolis in Civitates orbis terrarum (London) fols AV-A2

magic, amatory, Fig 1: Hyena odorata in Petrus Castellus 1638 Hyaena Odorifera (Messina) p 20 (Figs 1-2 Courtesy of the British Library: BL 975.d.25)

magic, amatory, Fig 2: Hyaena odorifera in Castellus 1638:13. A: genitale, B: vas zibethi, C: testes, D: anus

Malengin Fig 1: Inganno in Cesare Ripa 1613 Iconologia (Siena) p 372 (Fisher)

Mercury Fig 1: Hermes Psychopompos raising a soul from the shades by the virtue of his wand in C[harles] W[illiam] King 1872 Antique Gems and Rings 2 vols (London) 2: pl xxi, no 5

Mercury Fig 2: Alchemical Mercury in Basilius Valentinus 1656 Twelve Keys, in Musaeum hermeticum 1678 (Frankfurt). Reproduced from The Hermetic Museum 1893 (London) 1:327 (Courtesy of The John Rylands Univ Library, Manchester)

Mercury Fig 3: Silentio deum cole in Achille Bocchi 1574 Symbolicae quaestiones (Bologna) p 138 (Fisher)

Mercury Fig 4: Mercury and Ceres in Cartari 1580:311 (Fisher)

miniatures Fig 1: Nicholas Hilliard Unknown Lady c 1585-90 (1¾×1½ inches) (Figs 1-3 Courtesy of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London)

miniatures Fig 2: Nicholas Hilliard Young Man among Roses c 15878 (5⅜×2¾ inches)

miniatures Fig 3: Nicholas Hilliard Man against a Background of Flames c 1595 (2⅝×2⅛ inches)

natural history Fig 1: Zifius and Rosmarus in Conrad Gesner 1604 Historiae animalium (Frankfurt) 4:210 (Fisher)

natural history Fig 3

natural history Fig 2: Morsz in Gesner ed 1604, 4:211 (Fisher) natural history Fig 3: Moneceros in Gesner ed 1604, 4:208 (Fisher)

nature and art Fig 1: Integrae Naturae speculum Artisque imago (The mirror of prime Nature and the image of Art) in Robert Fludd 1617-21 Utriusque cosmi maioris scilicet et minoris metaphysica, physica atque technica historia (Oppenheim) pp 4-5 (Fisher)

Occasion Fig 1: In occasionem in Whitney 1586:181 (Courtesy of the Stirling Maxwell Collection, Glasgow Univ Library)

Peacham Fig 1: Nulla penetrabilis from Peacham 1612:182. Line 7 is taken from FQ I i 7: ‘Not perceable with power of any starre’ (Courtesy of the Stirling Maxwell Collection, Glasgow Univ Library)

Phaethon Fig 1: In temerarios in Alciati ed 1621: no 56 (Fisher) Sclaunder Fig 1: Veritas temporis filia in Whitney 1586:4 (By

permission of the Houghton Library, Harvard Univ)

Verittu umporis jili•.