ABSTRACT
Suppose, then, we switch Quine’s theory around, pursuing semantics in accordance with a chosen proxy function that fits disquotation and home language practice. The relation of observation sentence to object and stimulus meaning in this fixed scheme is of course causal as before. Holophrastic reference is therefore causal; outer events, stimulations, not inner senses or beliefs, except revealed in overt behavior, are the determiners of reference. Similarly now that we have fixed objects for names to name it might be reasonable to ask for a causal account of reference of names within the working conceptual scheme.
