ABSTRACT
Testing pupils in football to find out how many times they can each juggle a football before it falls to the ground is a criterion-referenced test, the criterion being their performance on the test. (However, if the teacher goes on to compare individual performances against group norms, such as mean score, this then becomes a norm-referenced test.) To expand the criterion-referenced example: the purpose of such a test or assessment could be to determine how well the pupils had mastered the skill of juggling, or to determine who needs extra time to practise (diagnostic), or maybe to select pupils above a certain score for football team training.
