ABSTRACT
When Juba II and Kleopatra Selene arrived, eight years later, they transformed this decaying petty capital into a proper royal city, the only Caesarea in the western Mediterranean. Although Juba is not to be numbered among the great builder kings of the era, he ensured that Caesarea would have the proper physical attributes appropriate to the Augustan period, and, moreover, that his royal city, like the capitals of his more architecturally vigorous eastern colleagues, would reflect elements of the Augustan architectural revolution that was then spreading through the empire. The royal entourage would have included Roman-trained architects who could implement this policy, using contemporary Roman constructional and decorative techniques, probably including opus reticulatum, which is rare outside Italy at this early date.9
