ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the interplay between two different drivers of military innovation. The first involves external factors that describe why and when innovation happens as defined by traditional international relations balance of power theory and by that portion of organizational theory that addresses the dynamics of bureaucratic politics. As discussed in the last chapter they are civilian intervention, intraservice rivalry, interservice rivalry, and cultural factors. Over the past two decades, these theories have provided the most prominent explanations for why military innovation occurs.
