ABSTRACT
The micro-scale plays a fundamental role in geographical (and other) theory. It is the level of theory concerned with the behaviour of the basic elements of the system of interest – usually people or organisations. At this scale, therefore, we will usually be concerned with individual decision-making of some kind or other. At present, only a relatively limited range of examples is available. Most of the examples below arise in transport modelling, and most of those from the study of modal choice. However, it is easy to see in principle how such examples generalise, and to aid the reader in adopting a broader perspective, we begin with a brief review of broader aspects of the problem.
