ABSTRACT
Second, culturally effective practitioners possess certain knowledge. They know specifically about their own racial and cultural heritage and how it affects them personally. Because they understand the dynamics of oppression, racism, discrimination and stereotyping, they are in a position to detect their own racist attitudes, beliefs and feelings. They understand the world view of their clients and they learn about their clients’ cultural backgrounds. Because they understand the basic values underlying the therapeutic process, they know how these values may clash with the cultural values of some minority groups. They understand that external sociopolitical forces influence all groups, and they know these forces operate with respect to the treatment of minorities. These practitioners are aware of the institutional barriers that prevent minorities from utilising the mental health services available in their community. They possess knowledge about the historical background, traditions and values of the client populations with whom they are working. They know about minority family structures, hierarchies, values and beliefs. Furthermore, they are knowledgeable about community characteristics and resources. Culturally skilled counsellors know how to help clients make use of indigenous resources where appropriate. In areas where they are lacking knowledge, they seek resources to assist them. The greater their depth and breadth of knowledge of culturally diverse groups, the more likely they are to be effective practitioners.
