ABSTRACT
Architecture is too complex a discipline to be reduced to mere rationality by any witch doctors' spells and charms, certainly not those of rule and calculator. During the greater part of the 1960s there was a distinct decline in the quality of much Finnish architecture. In the 1960s there seemed already to be something of a conspiracy between academic administrators, incompetent architects and sections of the building industry to make production technique the master of cultural expression rather than its servant. Socialists mistakenly believe that 'collective society' represents an aspect of Gemeinschaft, just as the architectural empiricists and rationalist’s mistake measurement and serial production for manifestations of Gesellschaft. Kirmo Mikkola and Juhani Pallasmaa produced several designs for modular wooden houses in the mid-1960s" and were at the centre of a new movement that focused again on the standardization originally spearheaded by Aalto in the 1940s.
