ABSTRACT
Although there are more than 3000 distinct proteins, in most laboratories performing toxicological studies, protein measurements are confined to plasma (or serum) total protein, albumin, calculated globulin and albumin: globulin ratios. In addition, total protein in urine is measured by qualitative test strips (dipsticks) or quantitative methods. These measurements can be supported by qualitative or quantitative assessment of broad protein fractions following electrophoretic separation. Far fewer laboratories measure specific proteins, although these measurements are commonly used in the diagnosis of human disease. Occasionally, protein measurements may be useful in other body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, peritoneal fluids and saliva.
