ABSTRACT
A history of anger and a literature of revenge divided India and createdPakistan. On the evening of 12 January 2002 Pakistan’s fourteenth head of state
and third general to take over in a coup, Pervez Musharraf, appeared on television to make a much-awaited speech. The anticipation was justified. President Musharraf, addressing his nation, his neighbourhood, and the world, declared that Pakistan would no longer tolerate the extremists and terrorists who had created a ‘state within a state’ in the country, become a law unto themselves and a threat to the world. The time had come to end their jihad. ‘The extremist minority must realize,’ he said, ‘that Pakistan is not responsible for waging armed jihad in the world.’
