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Reciprocity is a form of exchange based on mutual obligations to give and to receive. It is a transaction and implies internalized expectations of a long-term equalization of benefits rather than short-term market expectations or enforcement by third parties. Family and friendship relations often involve reciprocity, as do the notions of active citizenship, civic culture and civil society. In social policy terms, reciprocity is important for the operation of voluntary schemes such as blood donation, volunteer ambulances or volunteer fire brigades. For example, while individuals may give blood freely, they also expect others to do likewise, consequently ensuring that blood will be available to them when needed.