ABSTRACT
Angola and Mozambique's independence from Portugal in 1975 inflicted damage on Japan's dual diplomacy between White Africa and Black Africa (Morikawa 1997: 6–7). At the time, Angola and Mozambique's Marxist ideology prevented closer relations with Japan as they were entangled in the strategic contest between the US and USSR. Japan supported the US policy in Africa in terms of ‘comprehensive security’ to counter communist subversion in both countries. Therefore, neither country could receive Japan's economic assistance, as their aid providers were the USSR, China, Cuba and Eastern European countries (Owoeye 1992: 144).
