ABSTRACT
TurkmenistanistheonlycountryinCentralAsiainwhichtheconstitution formallyrecognizesprivateownershipofland.Yet,thisconstitutional provisionintroducedin1992hasdonelittletospurtheprocessofland reform.Changesinlandtenureandusesinceindependencein1991donot furtherkeyobjectivesoflandreform,suchasincreasingprivateinvestment inagricultureandimprovingstewardshipoflandandwaterresources.Land marketsdonotyetexist,duetolegalconstraintsontransactions.Thus, althoughtheconstitutionalrecognitionofprivateownershipinlandis notable,virtuallyalltheworkofcreatingmeaningfulpropertyrightsin landandaframeworkforevolutionoffarmstructureremainsahead.
