ABSTRACT
In the previous two chapters we explored two different forms of ‘fascist agency’ in the radicalisation of eliminationist policies across Europe from the late 1930s onwards. In the case of fascist and ‘para-fascist’ regimes, the ‘licence to eliminate’ derived from the precedent of the NS state and encompassed their own desire to establish a new ideal, fully sovereign national order based on the removal of particular ‘others’. By contrast, fascist movements operating within (semi-)sovereign states combined autonomous agency and an ideologically motivated ‘agentic’ spirit with a more direct form of NS involvement-funding and logistical support from Berlin, recruitment into NS-controlled institutions after occupation, ‘fifth column’ activities, and actions carried out on behalf of the NS authorities.
