ABSTRACT
Communication is a particular concern for many minority ethnic communities living in the UK. Many individuals migrated from the Caribbean, Indian subcontinent and Africa in the 1950s and 1960s for economic reasons, planning initially to stay in the UK for relatively short periods of time and then return to their country of birth. Some families, disillusioned with prospects in the UK in the 1970s and their experiences of racism, migrated again to North America-Canada and the USA. More recently, some people from the Caribbean have returned to their country of birth on retirement or have retired to North America.
