ABSTRACT
From the Italian, meaning ‘in the manner of the chapel’, this phrase refers to unaccompanied choral singing. A capella may be used by an mt when attempting to communicate with a client in an individual session when singing in a lullaby or to create an intimate ambience. A capella is also used in vocal psychotherapy and in vocal improvisation (Austin, 2009). Toning, typically done without accompaniment and therefore a form of a capella, is an MT centring practice that can be performed individually in a client—therapist dyad or in a group (Keyes, 1973). Participant(s) sing extemporaneously, using various tones that are usually not predetermined. (Lillian Eyre)
