ABSTRACT
As well as strictly agricultural systems, the Mediterranean world has long been the focus of important and distinctive pastoral uses of the landscape. Indeed, such systems probably evolved in response to some of the vagaries of the Mediterranean landscape. We look at these pastoral approaches and their impacts on the structure of settlement and on the environment itself in this chapter. The implications in terms of the use of water resources are also investigated. Under increasing pressure, the upland elements of these land-use systems have become increasingly unstable.
