ABSTRACT
The American Revolution as a civil war meant divided loyalties. There were those Americans who desired to preserve their British citizenship and others who wanted a new political order separate from the mother country. To George Washington the Americans loyal to Great Britain were “Unhappy wretches! Deluded mortals.” 1 From the opposite side, British General James Robertson had a similar view. “I never had an idea of subduing the Americans,” he said. “I meant to assist the good Americans subdue the bad.” 2
