ABSTRACT
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEWSPAPER INDUSTRY, AND THE PROLIFERATION of the fuzhang, provided an arena for the discussion of literary, social, and intellectual enlightenment. In many ways, the New Culture Movement was an intellectual movement carried out not in the streets and on the factory floors, but in the pages of these fuzhang. Yet like the more visible public protests, the debates that filled the printed page were equally tumultuous and cacophonous. Though they agreed that China needed radical cultural change, New Culture writers often disagreed on where to focus their attention. Some were concerned with ongoing sexism, some attacked paternalism and clanism, and some focused on Confucianism as the source of all these and similar problems. Their publications took on the appearance of a socio-cultural pastiche, as they placed calls for an end to concubinage side-by-side with demands for “science and democracy,” and advocates of Western education would simultaneously scoff at Western religion.
