ABSTRACT

Once more, Howard makes it clear that women would be eligible to become full members of his proposed council-or perhaps also officers, though this is not entirely clear. The pro-municipal group, Howard shows, would be responsible for enterprises that represent a ‘labour of love…without fee or reward’: that is, voluntary sector organizations. There is a rather fuzzy line between these and the ‘individualistic and cooperative group’, which are either intended to benefit their own members (that is, clubs of various kinds) or are organizations purely for private profit. Howard is at pains to underline the point that in Garden City the authorities will aim to encourage both individual enterprise and mutual aid; he looks forward to a time when life will be seen ‘stereoscopically’, in which both are somehow amicably fused.