ABSTRACT

The major problem with contemporary physics is commonly acknowledged

to be the incompatibility of Einstein’s general theory of relativity (GTR) and

quantum mechanics (QM). The prospects of unifying these two theories into

a quantum gravity (QG) theory seem insurmountable. Witten’s M-theory

(and string theory in any form), perturbative QG (e.g. the Hartle-Hawking and Vilenkin proposals), topological QG, loop QG and other ideas about

QG are not unifications but are speculations about what might belong to an

approximation of a ‘‘complete quantum gravity theory’’ that is not yet known

to be possible or even conceivable. No resolution of the incompatibility of

Einstein’s GTR and QM has been achieved and there is none in sight.