ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a foundation of knowledge within the frameworks of biology, sociology and psychology and a range of theories spanning the stages in life relevant to the focus of this book. It aims to relate the nature or nurture debate in relation to Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND). The chapter outlines Carol Dweck’s view of fixed IQ versus untapped potential in relation to SEND. It discusses the notion of disability and impairment with respect to development. The chapter analyses how typical and atypical development might proceed in relation to the concept of milestones. It describes attachment theory and the impact that early experience has on the process of attachment. The chapter also analyses difficulties in attachment to Attachment Disorder and Reactive Attachment Disorders. It explores E. Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory and how it might relate to the area of SEND.
