ABSTRACT
In the preceding chapter we dealt with evidence supporting the hypothesis of an association between strong extrapunitive tendencies and delinquency. It was found that when faced with standardized social situations of the Picture-Frustration Study delinquents differ significantly from non-delinquents in the proportion of aggression turned outwards. In other words we have seen that strong extrapunitive tendencies, measured by the P.F.S., may be symptomatic of the antisocial behaviour pattern, exemplified by the group of delinquents tested in German prisons under American jurisdiction. We have also seen that the high level of oppression exemplified by the D.P. ex-prisoners of concentration camps, produces an extraordinarily high rate of delinquency, forty-five times higher than do the lower levels of oppression. Incidental evidence showed that the two lower levels of oppression—deportation to industry and agriculture—do not produce a uniform pattern of responses in the P.F.S.; but that deportation to forced labour in agriculture produced more extrapunitive tendencies than the relatively milder deportation to industrial centres, where certain human rights—of pay, working hours, food rations, etc.—were maintained.
