ABSTRACT
Since the first reported aircraft hijacking in the early 1930s, aviation security legislation and regulation has been in a state of constant development as a consequence of those who attempted to breach security provisions or engaged in acts of terrorism. The Chicago Convention of 1944 led to the creation of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and with it the creation of international aviation security standards. Sections of the USA's Anti-Hijacking Act included provisions authorizing the President of the United States to suspend air transportation between the USA and nations that 'aided terrorist groups that used the illegal seizure of aircraft as instrumental policy'. The ICAO provides guidance for member states on the implementation of Annex 17 through the accompanying Annex 17 Security Manual, specifying details of the standards and recommended practices (SARPs) for member states. The European Aero-Medical Repository (EAMR) programme is a particularly important recommendation, aiming to 'tackle the issue of pilot non-declaration'.
