ABSTRACT
In Newer Ideals of Peace, Addams (1907) re-casts class hierarchy in terms of militarism versus industrialism. She associates “survivals of militarism” that push toward war with nationalist versions of patriotism that align with the individual ethics of established business interests and neglect economic conditions that confront new immigrant outsiders. Conversely, she associates industrialism with forces of peace that reflect the social ethics of the poor, who must labor for bread to sustain life. Distancing herself from older “passive” ideals of peace that neglect existing industrial conditions, Addams argues that peace activists should follow “newer ideals of peace” that are active, insofar as they build on existing industrial conditions and include the poor and oppressed. This argument shows how the class hierarchies Addams describes in Newer Ideals align with those she describes in Democracy and Social Ethics. It testifies that the possibilities for political friendship in the peace movement rest on the same economic foundations as political friendships at the settlement house.
