Introduction

Game theory is a branch of mathematics devoted to the logic of decision making in social interactions. It is applicable to any social interaction with the following three properties: a

there are two or more decision makers, called players;

b

each player has a choice of two or more ways of acting, called strategies, such that the outcome of the interaction depends on the strategy choices of all the players;

c

the players have well-defined preferences among the possible outcomes, so that numerical payoffs reflecting these preferences can be assigned to all players for all outcomes.