ABSTRACT
Of recent years, there have been two marked changes in approach to the study of climate and weather: first, appreciation that the atmosphere forms overall a continuum, in which, whilst local variables occur, the major features of weather arise from large-scale processes affecting the whole atmosphere; and second, that many of the conditions that give rise to weather changes occur in the middle atmosphere – that is, at heights generally between 5000 and 10000 m – and are hence by no means restricted to that part of the atmosphere near the ground.
