ABSTRACT
As discussed in chapter 1, consonants are delineated by the IPA in terms of manner of articulation, place of articulation, and voicing. The five manners of articulation, the eight places of articulation and the concept of voicing used in GAP is described in detail. It is helpful to refer to Fig. 5.1 while reading the narrative explanations. General American Phonetics consonants chart. The vertical axis represents the manner of articulation, and the horizonal axis represents the place of articulation. Conventionally, the voiceless counterpart appears to the left of the voiced version. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780203763599/1c8f8f61-48ca-4a82-8e25-1d3b9f8b47df/content/fig5_1_B.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
