This chapter discusses psychological aspects of cancer in women, focusing in particular on breast and gynecological cancers. Of the hundreds of publications on psychology and oncology during the past decade on psychology and oncology, approximately 85% were on gynecological and breast cancers, almost as if women were spared all other forms of this disease. This finding would stand out as singularly odd if it were not for two significant factors-the increasing incidence of breast cancer and certain gynecological cancers and the uniqueness of these types of cancer in terms of their psychological ramifications.