ABSTRACT
We saw in Chapter 1 that two major approaches to behavioral science have evolved. One of these developed, from the work of Thorndike on the Law of Effect and of Skinner on reinforcement contingencies, into the study of operant behavior and this was reviewed in Chapters 2, 3, and 4. The other approach derives from the attempts of a number of theorists, early in the twentieth century, to account for behavior in terms of reflex connections between stimuli and responses. Their ideas were given empirical substance by Pavlov's experiments on conditioned reflexes.
