ABSTRACT
Theory and research on motivation and volition are discussed with regard to the underlying scientific methodology and metatheoretical basis. Simila-rities and differences with cognitive psychology are mentioned. It is concluded that, for understanding the origins of motivational states, an organismic perspective is needed that focuses on the role “subcognitive” processes (motives) play in modulating the formation of cognitive goal representations. Recently obtained endocrinological markers of affiliation and power motives provide support as to their subcognitive status. Theory and research on supervisory processes (i.e. volition) controlling the maintenance of and disengagement from intentions are discussed. A theoretical framework for the functional interpretation of various modes of volition (self-control vs self-regulation) is proposed (Personality-systems-Interactions Theory: PSI). Finally, new experimental paradigms for the study of theoretically important issues are discussed.
