ABSTRACT

Text 1-3 was a spontaneous spoken text, which we are able to transpose into writing because it was recorded on audio tape. Text 1-2 is a written text, which we could (if we wanted to) read aloud. Text 1-1 is more complex: it was probably composed in writing, perhaps with some spoken rehearsal; but it was written in order to be spoken, and to be spoken on an all-important public occasion (Nelson Mandela's inaugural speech as PreSident, 10 May 1994).