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In terms of primary5 offense profi le, signifi cant differences appear with blacks being overrepresented in crimes against persons and property and confrontation with authority. Whites are overrepresented in drug offenses and failure to appear, while Hispanics and whites are charged more often with alcohol offenses (Figure 21.2 – Chi² (df=20) = 77.3, p<.0001; N = 2943).