ABSTRACT
However, all of these works, including those aided by precise models such as those of Levi-Strauss (1949) and White (1963), deal merely wi th the modification of one kind of kinship relationship by another, the degree to which kinship categories are applied to non-kins, or the bearing of these phenomena on kinship or kinship-connected behavior such as avoidance of intimacy and particularly mate selection. There have been two ap proaches to the relationship between what goes on in the kinship sphere and what goes on outside it. The first is the personality-and-culture one; it attempts to relate certain child-rearing practices little or not at all related to forms of kinship (such as swaddling, permissiveness, sibling rivalry, length of breast-feeding, alleged or real sudden changes in parental atti tude when the child reaches a certain age), to the personality of the indi vidual or culture of the society. The other approach, by social structure, either ignores the question or tries to explain social development without reference to kinship at all.
