ABSTRACT
Historical survey has shown the rivalry of theories of these two types: on the one side, theories ranging from materialism to refined subjectivism, characterised by the presupposition of actuality. On the other side, there are the theories of ideality, finding in the actual merely the sign, symbol, locus, of the values with which the life of will and sentiment is charged. The logical method, in distinction from the on-tological or metaphysical, consists essentially in giving to logical principles an absolute and unconditional value, apart from the material of knowledge to which they have application. It has been shown that the universality and necessity of logical rules and laws are marks and characters which arise in the growth of experience of certain sorts. Like all other psychical characters, they have their genetic history, and represent the culmination of long-continued functional processes.
