ABSTRACT
When Freud developed a talking cure he made room, quite unwit t ingly , for a new k ind of healer. Adler was the first to walk through the door Freud had opened, Jung, though i n many ways very different, the second. Wi lhe lm Reich and Er ich Fromm, each very different i n turn, were among those who followed. Fri tz Perls, who saw Freud in 1936 and felt rebuffed, became the bridge to another generation of gurus who had no direct ties to Freud or his pupils. As time went on, these gurus became more and more eclectic. I f one sees Perls, who l iked to be known as "Fr i tz , " as the beginning o f this secondary development, one might see Werner Erhard, who likes to be known as "Werner," as its culmination.
