ABSTRACT
The passage, that ends "that is the origin of the bad conscience" has been quoted and discussed in Section 25 of the second volume of his trilogy, along w i t h its influence on Freud.
• • • Now we must finally face the problem of what to make of the difference between Freud's depth psychology and Nietzsche's. They may be similar i n ever so many ways, yet Nietzsche tr ied to explain human behavior i n terms of the w i l l to power whi le Freud tr ied to explain as much as possible i n terms of sex. Or d id he? Is this not a caricature of Freud? He himself insisted that he had always been a dualist. Before the First World War he had contrasted the pleasure principle and the reality pr inciple . 6 2 After the war he had revised his theories:
After long hesitation and vacillation we have resolved to postulate only two basic drives, the Eros and the destruction drive. (The opposition of the drives for self-preservation and preservation of the species as well as that of selflove and object love still falls within the Eros.) The goal of the former is to produce ever larger units and to preserve them, thus cohesion; the goal of the other one, on the contrary, to dissolve what hangs together and thus to destroy things. Regarding the destruction drive we can think that its final goal seems to be to transform the living into an inorganic state. We therefore also call it death drive. I f we suppose that the living arrived later than the lifeless and developed out of that, then the death drive obeys the previously mentioned formulation that a drive desires the return to a former state.63
