ABSTRACT
The problem arising at the level of second-order observation within a system is to homogenize the heterogeneity of the system’s constituents. Second-order observation may intuitively categorize these phenomena as belonging to one and the same system yet finds it difficult to define the common operational denominator for all of them. Systems-theoretically speaking, second-order observation seeks to find the difference schema which allows first-order observation to draw its operational boundary.
