ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we integrate the concepts and skills from previous chapters, conceptually using the framework of the inverted hierarchy and in practice through three methods: group supervision, field mentoring, and performance-enhancement teams. The inverted hierarchy posits that a manager’s job is to help personnel do their jobs more effectively and efficiently. The manager does this by providing the direction and the tools to do the job, creating a reward-based environment, and by removing obstacles and constraints to performance. Social administrators apply these skills in naturally occurring events through opportunity finding, which is the basis for action.
