ABSTRACT
Children present a paradox with time. On the one hand, children are blessed with the rest of their lives to make things better. On the other hand, children have no time to wait for the parenting and safety they need. All children who have been placed away from home know that they can lose their parents and family. Every adopted child knows that loss is real and can last a lifetime. Permanency defies the reality of change; and yet, fostering children’s trust in parents’ enduring commitments and attachments is necessary for children to develop their potential. Each day of impermanence or living with the threat of renewed violence, leaves children more and more convinced that no adult can be trusted.
