ABSTRACT

Developed by William McDonough Architects in 1992 for the city of Hannover, Germany, the following principles have served as a roadmap for the green movement, as well as the conscience of the design community:

1. Insist on rights of humanity and nature to co-exist. 2. Recognize interdependence. 3. Respect relationships between spirit and matter. 4. Accept responsibility for the consequences of design. 5. Create safe objects of long-term value. 6. Eliminate the concept of waste. 7. Rely on natural energy flows. 8. Understand the limitations of design. 9. Seek constant improvement by the sharing of knowledge.