ABSTRACT
In general, three conclusions can be drawn from the existing research: the European public spheres do not exist in the singular; they are networked, form themselves through events and are still substantially dependent on single actors; and they thrive through conflict. The European public spheres exist as communicative networks that are activated, at least within the European Union, especially when Europe itself is the subject. When analysing the European public spheres, the two entangled and intertwined versions must be considered together. In order to underpin the argument about the lack of a political dimension of the European public sphere, this chapter discusses the concept of governance. The concept of governance began ever more to replace government as the key term in analyses of politics. The White Paper tries to transcend the dynamics of the European rescue of the nation-states through a kind of multi-level entanglement, with the aim of more transparency.
