ABSTRACT
This chapter describes how to perform advice, requests, and instruct tasks in Japanese in accordance with the roles it expects to play. When solicited for personal advice, people can respond with -tara doo desu ka. The -tara part also turns up as -dara because it is a composite of the plain past ending of a verb and -ra. Because of its origin, the tara part retains the sense of completion, but the entire phrase does not have a past tense meaning. To make a request in the affirmative, use the te-form of a verb followed by kudasai, a form of the honorific verb kudasaru to give. The primary function of request forms is to give instructions. Grammar points are followed by contextualized examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning.
