The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the various channels of distribution that are responsible for moving products from manufacturers to consumers. Both international and domestic channels are examined. The chapter describes the varieties of intermediaries (i.e., agents, wholesalers, and retailers) involved in moving products between countries as well as within countries. The tasks and

functions of the various intermediaries will be examined. It should be kept in mind that certain types of intermediaries do not exist in some countries and that the pattern of use as well as the importance of each type of intermediary varies widely from country to country.