ABSTRACT
Like Appiah’s two strands of cosmopolitanism, universal concern and respect for diversity, Brenes-Castro’s approach to peace education also combines the universal with the diverse. He tells us that the principle of universal responsibility-that we are all responsible for our contribution to synergy, morality, and sustainability-is meaningless without differential responsibility, that people are able to contribute in diverse ways. For one thing, universal responsibility can easily become the responsibility of someone else because the more it is spread out, the less responsible each particular person feels. Brenes-Castro challenges us to respond to deep inequities and power differences with whatever outsider or insider capacities, resources, and pro-social capital we have available. The infrastructure for peacebuilding depends on connecting and reconnecting in both independent and interdependent ways.
