ABSTRACT
How German thinkers integrated classical political economy in the early nineteenth century is illuminating both in how they simultaneously both praised and criticized the incipient political economy – as the previous chapter showed – and in seeing how they also helped to form a German national identity – as the present chapter will demonstrate. In due course, we shall come back to the works of Fichte and Hegel, but also here introduce a short analysis of Friedrich List's (1789–1846) ideas. In that regard, one must take into account again not only incorporation of some aspects of economic systems (Smithian, Ricardian, etc.) imported from Great Britain, but also their rejection and the genuine independent spirit built onto divergent metaphysical grounds that we have explored in the previous chapter. In the present one, a more technical and detailed explanation will be provided within the realm of positive science (while remaining at a very general level, some modelling will be displayed regarding Fichte's closed state).
